The Port of Trieste, situated in the northernmost part of the Adriatic Sea, has a rich history dating back to antiquity. Originally established by the Romans in the 2nd century BC, it served as a vital commercial hub due to its strategic location. Over the centuries, it was ruled by various powers, including the Byzantine Empire, the Republic of Venice, and the Habsburg Monarchy.

Trieste port's golden age began in the 18th century when it was declared a free port within the Habsburg Empire. This led to a significant increase in maritime trade and the growth of the city. During the 19th and 20th centuries, the port was modernized and expanded under Austrian rule, becoming one of the largest and busiest ports in Europe. Despite experiencing decline and damage during the World Wars, the port has managed to maintain its importance in the international maritime industry.

The history of the port of Zadar in Croatia dates back to the Roman era, when it was known as the port of Iadera. The city flourished under Roman rule, becoming a significant naval and trade center. During the Middle Ages, Zadar was a major hub for the Venetian Republic, further enhancing its status as a crucial seaport.

Throughout the centuries, the port of Zadar has witnessed numerous battles and changes in rulers, from the Byzantine Empire to the Habsburgs, each leaving their mark on the city's culture and architecture. In the 20th century, despite devastation during World War II, the port was rebuilt and continues to serve as an important gateway for trade and tourism in the region. Today, Zadar is renowned for its rich history, stunning architecture, and vibrant maritime culture.

The port of Dubrovnik, located in Croatia, has a rich history dating back to the 7th century. This harbor was considered as one of the busiest and most prosperous in the Medieval period, mainly due to the maritime trade routes that connected the East and West. The wealth accumulated from extensive trade activities contributed to the development and growth of Dubrovnik, making it a significant player in the European political and economic scene.

In the 14th and 15th centuries, the port of Dubrovnik reached its peak, becoming a rival to Venice in terms of trade and naval power. The city's strong walls, still standing today, were built to protect this valuable asset. However, the port's importance dwindled with the discovery of new sea routes to the Americas and the East. Despite this decline, the port is still an important cultural and historical site and is now a popular tourist destination.

Bari, the capital of the Apulia (Puglia) region in southern Italy, has a history that dates back over 2,000 years. Originally a settlement of the Peucetians, an ancient Italic tribe, it later became a key Roman port and trading hub due to its strategic location on the Adriatic Sea. After the fall of the Roman Empire, Bari was ruled by the Byzantines, Lombards, and Arabs, who all left their mark on the city. During the Middle Ages, Bari flourished under Norman and then Swabian rule, with landmarks such as the Basilica of Saint Nicholas—built to house the relics of Saint Nicholas—becoming a major pilgrimage destination for both Roman Catholic and Orthodox Christians.

In the 19th century, Bari experienced significant growth and modernization, particularly under the Kingdom of Italy. Its port was expanded, and the city became a major center for trade and commerce in southern Italy. During World War II, Bari suffered heavy bombing but was rebuilt in the postwar years. Today, Bari is a vibrant city that blends its rich history with modern life. Its picturesque old town (Bari Vecchia), historic churches, bustling port, and lively cultural scene make it a key destination in the Mediterranean.

The port of Corfu, also known as Kerkira, has a rich and varied history that dates back to ancient times. It has been a pivotal maritime hub in the Mediterranean due to its strategic location, serving as a gateway between the east and the west. The port has been under the rule of various powers including the Byzantine Empire, the Venetians, the French, and the British.

During the Venetian rule (1386–1797), the port of Corfu was significantly fortified and its infrastructure was greatly enhanced. The Old Fortress, one of the most notable landmarks in Corfu, was built around the port during this period. In the 19th century, under British rule, the port was further developed and modernized. Today, the port of Corfu continues to be a major hub for trade, tourism, and transportation in the Ionian Sea.

The very first historical record of a harbor in Valletta dates back to Punic and Roman times. However, the port gained significant prominence during the rule of the Knights of St. John in the 16th century. It was Grand Master Jean Parisot de La Valette who initiated the construction of the city and the port in 1566, after the Great Siege of Malta.

The harbor witnessed a considerable transformation in the 19th century under the British rule. The British exploited the strategic location of Malta in the Mediterranean, and used the port as a naval base during both World Wars. The city of Valletta and its port were declared a UNESCO World Heritage site in 1980, acknowledging their historical and cultural significance.

The port of Messina holds a significant place in Italian history. Located in the northeastern part of Sicily, it has been one of the most important gateways to the Mediterranean Sea since ancient times. Its strategic location made it a crucial point for both commercial and military activities. It was founded by Greek colonists in the 8th century BC and was known as Zancle, meaning 'sickle', due to the curved shape of its natural harbor.

The port of Messina has seen numerous invasions and conquests throughout history due to its strategic importance. In 1061, it was conquered by the Normans, and later by the Swabians, Angevins, and Aragonese. In 1908, a devastating earthquake and tsunami severely damaged the port and city, but it was later rebuilt. Today, it remains an important port, serving as a hub for ferries to the Italian mainland and other parts of the Mediterranean.

The history of the Italian port Civitavecchia dates back to the 2nd century during the reign of Emperor Trajan. The port was established as the port of Rome and was originally known as Centumcellae. Its strategic location and well-constructed harbor made it a critical asset to the Roman Empire, facilitating both military and commercial operations.

Over the centuries, the port of Civitavecchia has faced numerous invasions and destructions. It was destroyed by Barbarossa in 828 AD and then rebuilt by Pope Innocent XII in the late 17th century. Today, Civitavecchia serves as a major port for ferry connections to destinations like Sicily, Sardinia and other parts of the Mediterranean. It is also a popular departure point for Mediterranean cruises.